It was identified that a disease resistance locus in Arabidopsis is functionally homologous to the rpg1 locus of soyabean.
How was disease resistant locus identified in Arabidopsis?Using an avirulence gene that was previously cloned from a pathogen that does not affect Arabidopsis, the new disease resistance locus RPS3 in that plant was discovered. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain that is virulent on Arabidopsis was transformed with the avrB avirulence gene from the soybean pathogen, and conversion to avirulence was tested on Arabidopsis plants. On most Arabidopsis ecotypes, but not all, the avrB gene was avirulence active. Of the 53 ecotypes that were tested, eight were susceptible and 45 were resistant to a P. syringae pv. tomato strain that carried avrB. Crosses between the susceptible ecotype Bla-2 and the resistant ecotype Col-0 were used to study the transmission of this resistance. The ratio of resistant to susceptible F2 plants from this cross was almost 3:1, showing that ecotype Col-0's solitary dominant locus, RPS3, controls resistance to P. syringae that expresses avrB. RPS3 was located on chromosome 3 near markers M583 and G4523 and or = 1 cM from RPM1, another disease resistance locus, using RFLP analysis. The locus RPG1 in soybean regulates resistance to P. syringae strains that possess avrB. As a result, RPG1 and RPS3 both provide resistance to avrB-specific diseases, raising the possibility that these genes are homologs.
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The correct question is Identification of a disease resistance locus in Arabidopsis that is functionally homologous to the RPG1 locus of soybean
diphtheriae and pyogenes are gram-positive bacteria that have toxic properties due to proteins on their cell walls.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Streptococcus pyogenes are gram-positive bacteria that have toxic properties due to proteins on their cell walls.
Gram positive Bacteria- The color that gram-positive microbes acquire when stained is used to identify them. Hans Christian Gram created the staining method in 1884. The crystal violet dye employed in the staining procedure is retained by the thick peptidoglycan cell wall seen in gram-positive organisms.
Peptidoglycan- The cytoplasmic membrane of the majority of bacterial species is covered in a dense substance known as peptidoglycan. It protects bacterial cells from environmental stress and aids in maintaining cell shape throughout the life cycle. Peptidoglycan synthesis plays a crucial part in regulating bacterial cell cycle.
The given question is incomplete, find below the complete question.
------------diphtheriae and -------------pyogenes are gram-positive bacteria that have toxic properties due to proteins on their cell walls.
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Can biodegradable pollutants cause environmental problems? Explain your answer.
I would have to say YES
Biodegradable waste can create an environment problem if it is disposed and the mass is longer than the fermentation.
Hope this helps
Yes, biodegradable pollutants cause environmental problems if they accumulate in the enviroment without being decomposed.
The environmental impact of biodegradable waste can be seen when the food waste is disposed of and accumulates over a longer period of time than it decomposes, it creates a greenhouse gas called methane. This methane is produced by microorganisms.
Biodegradable wastes produce a large number of microorganisms around them, which can lead to an increase in the spread of diseases caused by microbes in humans, plants, and animals. They can also produce bad odors on burning because of the emission of gases.
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How does the size of the fetal face relate to the cranium? how does this compare to the adult skull?.
The face is foreshortened and it is overshadowed by the large cranium. While the mandible and maxillae are very tiny.
Cranium is the outer layer that protects the skull. It consists of three parts: the frontal bone, occipital bone, and two parietal bones.
The frontal bone is a single bone that transforms into a forehead and it is positioned atop the eyes' orbit.
The frontal bone also forms both sides of the upper jawbone or maxilla. While the two parietal bones form the top and side of the human skull.
They also take part in forming the largest part of the upper jawbone like the frontal bone.
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What unit of measurement do we use when measuring with a metric ruler?
Answer:
meter
Explanation:
which mechanism would be least likely to inactivate a tumor-suppressor gene? group of answer choices mutation deletion gene duplication loss of heterozygosity chemical modification
The mechanism that is least likely to inactivate a tumor-suppressor gene is chemical modification.
Tumor suppressor genes, also abbreviated as TSG, are the ones that check the cell cycle and regulate them. They inhibit any damaged gene from moving ahead in the cell cycle. If the tumor suppressor genes are inactivated anyhow, it can lead to cancer.
Chemical modification is the process of chemically modifying the structure of a protein. It is a beneficial process when used efficiently as it help to derive the product of interest. Therefore this process is least likely to cause inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
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How are the atlas and axis vertebrae morphologically different from typical vertebrae?.
The morphological difference between atlas/axis vertebrae and typical vertebrae is that typical vertebrae consist of a body, vertebral arch, and transverse processes whereas atlas/axis contain different structures according to the functional requirements.
The atlas, as well as axis vertebrae, are morphologically different from typical vertebrae by the presence of the body, vertebral arch, and transverse processes in typical vertebrae. The vertebral column is made up of 26 serially arranged bones called vertebrae. Each vertebra has a central hollow portion through which the spinal cord passes. The first vertebra is known as the atlas and the second vertebra is known as the axis.
These both are known as atypical vertebrae because they are morphologically distinct from the typical vertebrae. The typical vertebrae have a body, vertebral arch, and transverse processes which are not present in atypical vertebrae.
Thus, the morphological difference between atlas/axis vertebrae and typical vertebrae is that typical vertebrae consist of a body, vertebral arch, and transverse processes whereas atlas/axis contain different structures according to the functional requirements.
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Describe why some proteins are constitutively secreted from the cell whereas others are retained until their release is signaled for by a messenger.
On polysomes linked to the membranes of the ER, proteins are produced that will eventually be integrated into membranes, retained in lysosomes, or released from the cell.
During translation, these ribosomes separate the proteins they create and deposit them into the membrane cisternae of the ER.The majority of secreted proteins in eukaryotic cells are co-translated into the rough ER from ribosomes. However, some proteins, especially those with "weak" signal sequences or short polypeptides, can enter the ER post-translationally.For the remainder of translation, proteins lacking a signal peptide remain in the cytosol. They will remain in the cytosol for all time if no other "address labels" are present. However, after translation, they can be delivered to the mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, or nuclei if they carry the appropriate labels.Learn more about translation here:
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Identify 4 things that len peters from trinidad did to help leatherback turtles come back in the caribbean.
His early involvement in turtle conservation knowledgeable him at the endangered reputation of the leatherback turtle. He additionally discovered that his village changed into a unique area due to the fact it's far one of the few webweb sites globally, wherein those turtles nonetheless nest and it has the very best nesting density for leatherbacks withinside the world.
The intake of those turtles for meals changed into a norm with the humans of Grande Riviere, however while Mr Peters satisfied them that their network could advantage extra from the creatures being alive than dead, his organization changed into capable of regularly hold a secure area for extra than 20,000 turtles to nest annually.Reduce marine particles which can entangle or be by accident eaten via way of means of sea turtles.
Participate in coastal clean-ups and decrease plastic use to preserve our seashores and ocean clean. Trash withinside the ocean can damage sea turtles and different creatures that stay there.He’s a person who has acquired severa accolades and popularity for his paintings and has quietly constructed a popularity as the person who “saves the turtles” in Grande Riviere, Trinidad.
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Carlos is doing a science project. He wants to find out which school subject his classmates like best. He will ask them to choose science, math, or recess as their favorite subject. Which is a prediction Carlos could make for his project? A. First, I will ask everyone which subject they like best. B. Most students like science best. C. I found out that 15 people like math. D. There are more boys than girls in my class.
The prediction that he has to make is that "most students like science best".
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is a guess that is useful wen we are trying to explain an observation. Thus the main thrust of a hypothesis is that it must be explanatory. It must offer a tool that would guide the experiment. In this case, the research of Carlos is to obtain which school subject his classmates like best.
In order to obtain the school subject that his classmates like best, he has to first of all make the prediction that; "most students like science best".
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Anne Hutchinson was executed for teaching that worshipers needed neither the church nor its ministers to
interpret the Bible for them. True or false
Anne Hutchinson was executed for teaching that worshipers needed neither the church nor its ministers to interpret the Bible for them is false banished.
Francis Marbury, a dissenting priest, and Bridget Dryden were the parents of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, who was born in England. Her father instructed her in the scriptures when she was growing up in Alford, Lincolnshire. She wed William Hutchinson, a businessman and scion of a renown family, in 1612. She gave birth to more than a dozen children between 1614 and 1630.Religious leader and midwife Anne Hutchinson was born in England but immigrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1634 together with the puritans. Hutchinson was an ardent member of the puritan subculture who adhered to Antinomianism. Francis Marbury, a dissenting priest, and Bridget Dryden were the parents of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, who was born in England.To learn more about Anne Hutchinson.
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the hypothalamus communicates with the via the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system. quizlet
The hypothalamus communicates with anterior pituitary gland the via the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system.
What is anterior pituitary gland?
Your pituitary gland, which is a tiny, pea-sized organ situated at the base of your brain beneath your hypothalamus, has a front lobe that is known as the anterior pituitary. A number of different endocrine glands are under the control of the pituitary gland, which is a component of your endocrine system.
The anterior (front) lobe and posterior (back) lobe are the two lobes that make up your pituitary gland. Over six different hormones, including those produced and released by the anterior pituitary, control a number of cellular functions, including:
Growth.Metabolism (how your body transforms and manages energy from the food you eat).Reproduction.Response to trauma or stress.Lactation.To learn more about anterior pituitary gland visit:
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Complete the diagram below to show how matter and energy are typically transferred throughout an ecosystem.
Awnser is in the comments I put it there :)
Strength is the go together with the drift of strength by dwelling matters within an environment. All living organisms may be prepared into manufacturers and customers, and people manufacturers and customers can further be prepared right into a food chain. each of the degrees inside the meals chain is an ecosystem diploma.
Electricity is transferred energy organisms in food webs from producers to clients. The power is used by organisms to perform complicated responsibilities. The large majority of power that exists in food webs originates from the sun and is transformed into chemical power by using the manner of photosynthesis in plant life.
Strength is transferred between organisms in food webs from producers to customers. The power is used by organisms to carry out complicated duties. The majority of strength that exists in meal webs originates from the solar and is converted into chemical energy by the technique of photosynthesis in flowers.
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the washington post article talks about the algae going from green to brown. describe how this occurs. include how that lead to a "putrid smell". (hint: it is not fish dying, discuss d.o. and bod in your answer.)
When the amount of pollutants like sulfates, silicates or nitrates are high in water, they turn the green algae into brown algae. The reason why a putrid smell can be observed is because, the algae releases some toxins into the water, or the algae must have died out, giving off the smell.
Green algae possess chlorophyll in them and also perform photosynthesis. Both chlorophyll a and b can be present. They store their food in the form of starch. The algae can be found at any habitat from oceans to fresh water-bodies as well as land. Examples include sea lettuce, Ulva, Marimo, etc.
Brown algae are the most complex form of algae. They contain the pigment fucoxanthin. They can be stagnant or free-floating. The examples are: kelp, dictyotales, ectocarpus, etc.
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decide whether the following statement is true or false, and then explain why: "in an organism whose genome has been sequenced, identifying the mutant gene responsible for an interesting phenotype is as easy for mutations induced by chemical mutagenesis as it is for those generated by insertional mutagenesis"
FALSE
This is false because when the genome is sequenced for a particular organism, it is easy to compare the sequence with the reference and check if there is any mutation that has led to change in phenotype. The chemical mutagenesis is basically change of one base pair at a time and hence it is easy to sequence and find out which base pair has changed leading to the mutagenesis. However, when it comes to insertional mutagenesis, this occurs using either T-DNA or transposons and it is caused by viruses or transposons which leads to creation of such mutations. The TE (transposable elements) are DNA sequences which move from one location to another within a genome and hence when mutations take place due to this, it becomes difficult to compare it with the reference to identify the mutations.
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bando, y. et al. retinoic acid regulates cell-shape and -death of e-fabp(fabp5)-immunoreactive septoclasts in the growth plate cartilage of mice.histochem. cell biol.148, 229–238
Retinoic acid was found to regulate the cell shape and death of E-FABP -immunoreactive septoclasts in the growth plate cartilage of mice.
How does retinoic acid regulate the cell shape and death of immunoreactive septoclasts?The transverse septa of the growth plate (GP) cartilage at the chondro-osseous junction have been thought to be resorbed by septoclasts, that are mononuclear cells with numerous projections (COJ). In a recent study, the expression of the fatty acid-binding protein of the epidermis type (E-FABP, FABP5) and the location of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) were described, which controls cell survival and proliferation. On the other hand, the GP cartilage has a lot of retinoicacid (RA), which can bind to E-FABP. These details allow for the hypothesis that RA in the GP controls septoclast growth and death by being absorbed into them during cartilage resorption.
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What substances needs to go into and out of a cell?
Answer:
Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are among the few simple molecules that can cross the cell membrane by diffusion (or a type of diffusion known as osmosis ). Diffusion is one principle method of movement of substances within cells, as well as the method for essential small molecules to cross the cell membrane.
Explanation:
neurobiology of schemas and schema-mediated memory. trends in cognitive sciences, 21(8), 618–631. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.04.013
Known as superordinate information structures, schemas have a significant impact on how events are viewed, understood, and recalled by reflecting abstracted commonality across various experiences.
Similar but distinct brain networks mediate the instantiation of the schema and the consequences of the schema on mnemonic functions, whether they facilitate or impair correct memory acquisition.The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), the hippocampus, the angular gyrus, and posterior cortical regions are all included in schema networks. However, schema instantiation may involve more ventral parts of the vmPFC and more extensive cortical structures.Schema instantiation seems to need earlier processes than schema-mediated mnemonics and may require persistent activity throughout the network.Learn more about the schemas with the help of the given link:
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Please help!
Parent 1 doesn't have freckles, but his parents did. Parent 2 has freckles, all of parent 2 family has freckles as well. Use the letters provided in the Punnett square to answer the following questions:
What is the genotype of parent 1?
What is the genotype of parent 2?
What is the probability that the offspring of parent 1 and parent 2 has the recessive alleles be expressed in their phenotype? __% (use numbers only)
Answer:
denoting No freckles: N Freckles: f,
parent 1 genotype: Nf
parent 2 genotype: ff
after using punnet Square the four random combinations are:
Nf, Nf, ff, ff
50% probability that offspring will have freckles
Answer: Genotype of parent 1: Aa
Genotype of parent 2: aa
Probability: 50%
Explanation: The Punnet square is shown in the problem to help you :) Also, these answers are correct because I got these all right on my science quiz just recently!
dentify true statements about the interaction of biology and culture. multiple select question. genes are set in stone; they seldom respond to our cultural experiences. environmental factors can trigger gene expression. nature and nurture work together, not independently. cultural environments cannot exert long-term influence on genes. environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
Environmental factors can trigger gene expression, nature and nurture work together, and environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
What is genetic-environment interaction?
The expression genetic-environment interaction makes reference to the interplay between these two types of factors that may shape the development of an individual.
In conclusion, environmental factors can trigger gene expression, nature and nurture work together, and environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
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which quality of lipids does it demonstrate? ability to provide structural support ability to provide structural support inability to store energy inability to store energy inability to break down in water inability to break down in water ability to form chains of nucleotides
Lipids are macromolecules composed of fatty acids. The diagram represents the inability of the lipids to break in the water. Thus, the inability to break down in the water is correct.
What are lipids?
As they are big molecules comprised of the monomers of the fatty acid chains and glycerol bound together by chemical bonds, lipids are referred to as polymers. They consist of phospholipids, steroids, waxes, hormones, oils, fats, and more.
Along with carbs, they are molecules that store energy and function as messengers in the form of hormones. They can store energy for a longer time in adipose (fat) cells. They produce cholesterol, blood cells, and a component of the cell membrane.
Due to the fact that they are non-polar molecules with hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, they are soluble in an organic solvent but not in water. They don't dissolve and stay whole in the water molecule.
therefore the lipids do not break in the water.
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Justifying Conclusions
Answer the following questions based on the
article you just read.
Is the conclusion justified by the evidence?
✓yes
COMPLETE
What, if anything, is missing from the article
that would help you to evaluate whether the
conclusion is justified?
Intro
4 of 5
D
Answer:
1 chech data for errs
2 consider issues of context wjen interpreting data
3 Access results againstavailable literature
4 compare different method for consistency in findings
5 consider alternative explanations
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
Draw conclusions: How does precipitation affect the growth of the tree?
Nutrients that the plants need are found in soil and water is the medium in which these nutrients are carries to the plant.
How does precipitation affect the growth of the tree?We know that plants depends on nutrients from the soil in order to grow. These nutrients that the plants need are found in soil and water is the medium in which these nutrients are carries to the plant.
Many of these nutrients are dissolved in water and them move up the plant via the conduction vessels of the plant. In the absence of precipitation, there would be to water to carry the plant nutrients to the plants.
Let us also recall that water is the medium for the biochemical reactions that take place in the plant.
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Which organelle accurately completes the chart
Endoplasmic reticulum will complete the chart.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum function?In addition to protein synthesis, the rough endoplasmic reticulum acts in the glycosylation of glycoproteins, in the production of phospholipids and in the assembly of proteins. Pancreatic acinar cells and plasma cells are examples of cells rich in this type of organelle.
What does the reticle carry?The main function is to transport substances within the cell, which works as a distribution network for substances that work inside it. This interior space, called the lumen, is separated from the cytoplasm by a phospholipid membrane.
With this information, we can conclude that The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that is involved in the synthesis of organic molecules.
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Ling made a study chart for science class.
Which organelle accurately completes the chart?
lysosome
cell wall
vacuole
endoplasmic reticulum
Photosynthesis in a plant cell would be most severely limited by removal of the cell
What are some of the impacts of biotechnology on crop plants in the united states?.
Biotechnology has made some remarkable impacts on crop plants in the united states.
Agriculture biotechnology is a range of tools and techniques that change or modify living organisms also known as genetic engineering. In the USA, Biotechnology has made farming cheaper and more profitable.
Biotechnology modifies crops to make them pest-resistant. The farmer does not have to use pesticides to get rid of pests and insects. Transgenic crops have been developed through biotechnology and these crops have reduced disease chances and enhanced nutrition. Many crops are genetically engineered to tolerate specific herbicides.
Both the farmers and the consumers in the USA are getting the benefits of Biotechnology.
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During the light-independent reactions, the calvin cycle requires nadph and atp. Where does the cell get these molecules?.
The energy carrying molecules are made in stroma where the calvin cycle takes place.
What function do ATP and NADPH serve in light-independent reactions?
In photosynthesis, light energy is utilized to cause the photosystem I molecule to make ATP by transferring electrons from chlorophyll to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) (Figure 5). In the light-independent processes of photosynthesis, this metabolic energy is utilized to fixation CO2 (Calvin cycle).
The calvin cycle or light independent reaction of photosynthesis happens in the stroma of the Chloroplast. It has certain enzymes that work with NADPH and ATP.
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When sampling repeatedly from a population, the pattern describing the values a statistic can take and how often it takes those values is the.
sampling distribution of the statistic is the pattern that describes the values a statistic can take and how often it takes those values
A sampling distribution is a statistical probability distribution derived from repeated sampling of a given population. It represents a population's range of probable outcomes for a statistic, such as the mean or mode of some variable.
Sampling distributions explain the range of values for various sample statistics. While the mean sampling distribution is the most popular, they can also characterize other statistics such as standard deviation, range, correlation, and test statistics in hypothesis testing. The sampling distribution also depicts a statistic's frequency.
A geneticist, for example, who wants to compare the average weight of all babies born in Europe from 2010 to 2020 to those born in Asia during the same time period cannot draw data for the entire population of over a million childbirths that occurred during the ten-year time frame in a reasonable amount of time. They will instead base their judgment on the weight of, say, 100 infants on each continent. The weight of 100 new-born is the sample, and the estimated average weight is the sample mean.
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5. Which tool would be the best choice for finding the volume of the blocs by
displacement?
a. Balance
b. Erlenmeyer Flask
c. Graduated Cylinder
d. Spring Scale
Henrietta's father suspects her brother was actually fathered by another man. What does this pedigree and mendelian inheritance suggest about this scenario?
This pedigree and mendellan inheritance follows Autosomal Dominant Trait.
A genetic disorder or trait can be transferred from parent to kid via autosomal dominant inheritance. The genetic disorder can be brought on by one copy of a mutant (changed) gene from one parent.
A child has a 50% chance of receiving the mutant gene from a parent who carries it. These mutations are equally likely to affect males and women, and they are equally likely to be inherited by sons and daughters.
The accompanying image has the solution.
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Microbiology label parts of Animal and plant cells worksheet
Answer:
can you post a picture of your worksheets?
Explanation: