The extracellular matrix of connective tissues contains fibers called collagen fibers that are elongated and comprised of collagen glycoproteins.
How does collagen fibre influence stress concentration?The mechanical function of the tendon to bone insertion is to transfer loads from a relatively flexible tendon to a relatively inflexible bone. Given the high failure rates of existing surgical techniques for tendon reattachment, the specifics of the process of weight transfer are crucial. The mean angles of the local distributions varied slightly from the tendon axis, and the angular deviation of the fibers was quite constant throughout the insertion. These distributions were utilized to determine material characteristics for an idealized two-dimensional mechanical model of an insertion, which allowed us to investigate how these observed property distributions could affect load transfer.Learn more about the collagen with the help of the given link:
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Scientists study apple trees. In the fruit color gene, G leads to green apples and is dominant over red (g). S leads to sweet apples and is dominant over sour (s). They find the alleles for the two genes are arranged as shown on the same chromosome. Which of the following situations will they observe?
A. The two traits will likely be inherited together.
B. One gene will cancel out the effect of the other.
C. Both genes will have an effect on the other trait.
D. The environment will determine the traits of the apple, not the two genes.
Answer:
A. The two traits will likely be inherited together.
Explanation:
social brain energetics: ergonomic efficiency, neurometabolic scaling, and metabolic polyphenism in ants
The energy cost of behavior is measured by metabolism, which has a big impact on social evolution.
How body size and metabolic scaling are linked?Body size and metabolic scaling are linked, and an increase in body size socioecological pattern is linked to nutritional changes and the emergence of larger and more complex societies. These effects of animal society adaptive radiation raise concerns about energy costs, a significant percentage of which may be related to the metabolic rates of the brain regions that process social information. Although brain size scales with body size, nothing is known about how the brain's metabolism scales. Social insects like ants have a wide range of worker body size and morphology that correlates with brain size, structure, and task performance, which is reliant on sensory inputs and the capacity to process information to produce behavior.Learn more about the metabolic scaling with the help of the given link:
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Cell communication requires that a chemical messenger and its appropriate receptor bind to initiate a signaling cascade. Describe the biogenesis of both the messenger and the receptor.
The biogenesis of messengers allows them to be encoded by genes and formed by macromolecules. In contrast, the biogenesis of receptors is encoded by the cells they target.
What is biogenesis?It is the production of living beings.It is the composition of living beings from another living being.Cells are living organisms, for this reason, we can say that the formation of cellular messengers and receptors should be called biogenesis.
The production, encoding, and regulation of messenger and receptor cells are carried out by the molecules they synthesize or are formed from. Therefore, we can say that in both cases, genes are primarily responsible for encoding these molecules at the time of biogenesis.
Furthermore, messengers are formed by hydrolysis of macromolecules, while receptors are formed from the needs of target cells.
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Make a claim and support how Greek mythology is alive in society, identifying at least one (1) piece of textual evidence from the text to support your claim. 5 sentences 1 paragraph
References to Greek Mythology can nonetheless be determined in our discussions about science, arts, literature, language, names, and types. Thinkers from historic Greece additionally laid the foundations for many regions of having a look at together with astrology, arithmetic, biology, engineering, medication, or linguistics.
There are numerous greek effects on our culture today. however, these impacts are not very well known in our contemporary society. The Greek way of life affects our ordinary way of life. They created democracy, the alphabet, libraries, the Olympics, math, technological know-how, structure, and even lighthouses.
Greek mythology was used as a way to provide an explanation for the surroundings in which humankind lived, the natural phenomena they witnessed, and the passing of time via the days, months, and seasons.
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50 POINTS!
The image below represents which form of cellular transport?
A. Simple Diffusion
B. Facilitated Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Active Transport
Answer: D- active transport
active transport is movement of particles from an area of low concentration to high concentration through a membrane, using energy in the form of ATP.
In the image we can clearly see that particles move from the right to the left. The right has less particles and the left has more. ATP is used too.
hope it helps.
This is an example of active transport, as ATP or energy is used for the transfer of the molecule across the membrane. Hence, option D is the correct answer.
What is active transport?
Polar molecules can't directly pass through the nonpolar cell membrane. Small polar molecules can pass through the membrane by channels. Larger polar molecules like glucose and amino acids can't pass through the membrane. Hence, they are taken to cells by using ATP (energy). When ATP is used for transportation, it is called "active transport."
In the case of passive transport, ATP is not used. Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are some examples of passive transport. In the given diagram, the molecule is passed from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. Energy is used here for the transfer process. This is an active transport.
Other options are wrong. Water passes through the membrane by osmosis. Molecules move from higher to lower concentrations in simple diffusion, and in facilitated diffusion, a carrier is involved. None of the processes requires ATP.
Hence, the correct answer is active transport. Option D is the correct answer.
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ecological validity of walking capacity tests following rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis
A potentially crippling condition of the brain and spinal cord is multiple sclerosis (MS) (central nervous system).
What does the study indicates?Walking ability tests are frequently used to assess therapies intended to lessen walking impairment in multiple sclerosis patients (pwMS). Their ecological validity has, however, recently come under scrutiny. After 28 days of multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation (MIR) in people with MS, the current study sought to determine the ecological validity of the 2- and 6-minute walking tests (2MWT and 6MWT) and the timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) using accelerometry. A pre-existing walking disability is a key factor in the ecological validity of changes in walking capacity tests after MIR.Learn more about the multiple sclerosis with the help of the given link:
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what are the three most common abnormal spinal curvatures named and what characterizes each curvature?
Exaggeration of the lumbar curve is termed lordosis
Accentuation of the thoracic curve is called kyphosis;
and Any lateral deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
Lordosis
An excessively inward curvature of the spine is known as lordosis as a spinal ailment. The cervical spine can also develop it, albeit it more frequently impacts the lumbar spine.
When a person's lordotic range is outside of the usual range, which is regarded as being between 40 and 60 degrees, difficulties might result.
Kyphosis
As a spinal disorder, kyphosis is characterized by an accentuated outward curve of the spine, which can result in a rounded front posture.
Kyphosis is usually between 20 to 45 degrees; however, when a structural defect results in a kyphotic curve that is greater than this normal range, the curvature becomes aberrant and troublesome.
Scoliosis
A spine that is abnormally laterally curled, rotates, and has a minimum Cobb angle measurement of 10 degrees is said to have scoliosis. A structural spinal disorder that progresses is scoliosis.
When I evaluate a patient's Cobb angle, I am able to determine how misaligned their spine is and classify the issue as mild (Cobb angle measurement of between 10 and 25 degrees), moderate (Cobb angle measurement of between 25 and 40 degrees), severe (Cobb angle measurement of 40+ degrees), or very severe (Cobb angle measurement of 80+ degrees).
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Beryllium-9 has four protons and four electrons. Calculate how many neutrons it has.
No. Of neutrons in Beryllium is 5.
We know that, Atomic no. Of beryllium is 4 and atomic mass is 9.
Thus, no. Of neutrons is,
Atomic mass – atomic no. Or no. Of protons(no. of protons = atomic no.)
9-4= 5
Thus, the no. Of neutrons in Beryllium atom is 5.
Neutrons are discovered by James Chadwick in 1932. In an experiment, the physicist James Chadwick attacked Beryllium with alpha particles produced by the radioactive decay of polonium naturally. High radiation penetration through a lead shield was seen.
While in 1909, Ernest Rutherford discovered protons, by his gold foil experiment. He bombarded an incredibly thin gold foil with alpha particles.
Neutrons are defined as neutral subatomic particles that are found in all atomic nuclei, with the exception of common hydrogen. Mass of neutron is 1.67492749804× 10²⁷ kg, and has no electric charge, it is neutral. In the dense inner core of an atom, protons and neutrons, collectively known as nucleons.
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suppose there is a population of plants that have either purple flowers or white flowers, and the allele for purple flowers is dominant.
suppose there is a population of plants that have either purple flowers or white flowers, and the allele for purple flowers is dominant. These means that purple flower will appear even in the heterozygous condition.
The dominant alleles are the alleles which are able to express themselves even in the heterozygous condition.
The recessive alleles are the alleles that can express themselves only in the homozygous condition.
In this case the purple flower is dominant allele and white flower is recessive allele. Hence the purple flower will be expressed even in the heterozygous condition.
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i'm doing cell organelle speed dating and i need an appropriate pickup line relating to cytoplasm PLEASE HELP FOR BRAINLIEST
Ribosome:
I'm always making things for my friends
I'm the only protein you need (because they make proteins)
I might not be a nucleus, but at least I actually work for my living (the nucleus instructs the ribosomes to do the work)
I was into codons before everyone started reading them
You need me to survive (ribosomes are an organelle shared by all kinds of cells)
Rough ER is forever alone without me
A suspension of yeast supplied with glucose as its source of energy was transferred from an aerobic environment to an anaerobic one. Which result would you predict for the rate of glucose utilization and the rate of ethanol production after the transfer? assume that the yeast must expend the same amount of energy to survive in both environments.
After the transfer from aerobic to anaerobic environment the rate of ethanol production will increase and the rate of glucose utilization would decrease.
Why the rate of ethanol production increases and glucose is broken down?
See when the yeast was pacing in aerobic environment that is in the presence of oxygen it does not grow with fast speed.When yeast is transferred to anaerobic environment it grows rapidly.In anaerobic environment yeast breaks down glucose.By breaking down glucose releases ethanol and an appreciable amount of CO2.That's why yeast grows rapidly in anaerobic environment comparatively.Yeast with expending same amount of energy survive in anaerobic condition.To know more about yeast visit:
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Identify the body planes and cavities in these diagrams.
The body planes and cavities in the given diagrams is listed below:-
11. Sagittal plane
12. Coronal plane
13. Transverse plane
14. Dorsal body cavity
15. Pleural cavity
16. Abdominal cavity
17. Pelvic cavity
18. Ventral body cavity (both thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities)
The human body can be divided anatomically into three body planes, i.e. Sagittal plane, Coronal plane and Transverse plane. Sagittal plane is a vertical line dividing the body into a left section and a right section while the Coronal plane vertically divides the body into an anterior or front and posterior or back section. The Transverse plane horizontally divides the body into an upper and a lower section.
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nicotine in smoke has two forms; the blank form is more easily absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and lungs
Nicotine in smoke has two forms; the electrically neutral form is more easily absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and lungs.
Where is nicotine absorbed the most?Nicotine is absorbed through mouth mucous membranes and reaches peak blood and brain levels more slowly in people who do not inhale the smoke, such as cigar, pipe, and smokeless tobacco users. By "riding" in with the tar that is inhaled from a lit cigarette, nicotine enters the body. About 8 seconds after inhaling the smoke, the nicotine/tar mixture enters the lungs, where it is swiftly absorbed. It can move to the brain once it reaches the bloodstream.Learn more about the Nicotine with the help of the given link:
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the autonomic nervous system is involved in controlling what effectors? exocrine glands skeletal muscles cardiac muscle smooth muscle endocrine glands
The autonomic nervous system is involved in controlling skeletal muscles.
What is autonomic nervous system?
The peripheral nervous system's autonomic nervous system controls physiological functions that are carried out automatically, such as digestion, blood pressure, respiration, and sexual desire. There are three physically separate divisions in it: enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic.
The action of adrenaline via 2 ARs is the primary mechanism by which the autonomic nervous system influences several significant activities of the skeletal muscle fiber, but other ARs may also be involved in the modulation of neuromuscular transmission and in procedures involving glucose absorption.
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What is a phospholipid molecule made of?
mendel used pollen from a purple-flowered pea plant to fertilize a white-flowered pea plant. he also used pollen from a white-flowered pea plant to fertilize a purple-flowered pea plant. this approach is called making reciprocal crosses.
Making reciprocal crosses is the term for this method.
For what was Mendel renowned?Gregor Mendel uncovered the basic principles of inheritance through his study on pea plants. He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children.What exactly did Gregor Mendel test?Mendel, a monk, carried out experiments in the yard of his monastery where he discovered the fundamentals of heredity. His research established the basis for contemporary genetics and the study of heredity by demonstrating that specific features in pea plants inherit in specific ways.learn more about mendel here
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kirtland’s warbler is a rare bird that breeds in a small area of michigan and lives in jack pine forests of more than 80 acres in size. it nests on the ground under jack pine trees that are about five feet tall, or between five and eight years old. this is a description of one aspect of the kirtland’s warbler’s ? group of answer choices functional role. diversity. niche. lifestyle.
Kirtland's warbler that nests on the ground under jack pine trees that are about five feet tall, or between five and eight years old describes about the aspect niche.
Kirtland's warbler are grayish-yellow song-birds. The local name of the bird is jack pine bird. These birds are critically endangered as their requirements for the habitats are quite selective. They are known to lay eggs on the nest of other birds.
Niche is the functional area of an organism. Taking the example of the warblers they live in the jack pine forest but their functional area is only the ground under the jack pine trees. They can neither reside on the tree nor on the top of the tree. therefore, the ground is their niche.
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an adopted child has type o blood. she discovers that her biological father has type b blood. this means that her biological mother cannot have blood type: chegg
An adopted child has type O blood. she discovers that her biological father has type B blood. this means that her biological mother cannot have blood type AB.
What is ABO system?According to the ABO system, there are 4 primary blood types:
Blood group A has A antigens on the red blood cells and has anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Blood group B has B antigens and has both anti-A antibodies in the plasma. Blood type O has no antigens but has both anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies.Blood type AB has both A and B antigens and no antibodies.The most typical blood group is called O. Blood group O makes approximately 48% of the population in the UK.
Receiving blood from the incorrect ABO group can be fatal. For instance, if a group B blood recipient receives group A blood, the recipient's anti-A antibodies will assault the group A cells.
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why are all parts of a system equally important?
Answer:
They are equally important because of you lost one part of your system, its counterpart may become weaker if they were related, making that part less important. No part of your system is more important than the other, they should be measured equally, because every part contributes to us as humans.
Hope this helps.
what is the final concentration of HCl?
Answer:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is supplied commercially at concentrations mainly within the range 28–36% w/w.
Explanation:
Sana nakatulong:)
if you’re a u.s. citizen or green card holder you don’t need to show proof of vaccination or a negative covid test
If you’re a u.s. citizen or green card holder you don’t need to show proof of vaccination or a negative covid test. The statement is true.
What is the difference between a Green Card and U.S. Citizenship?Green Card and U.S. citizenship holder can reside and involve in the function in United States legally where a Green Card holder is refer to someone who has been granted to live in the United States with a given photo ID.
Green Card holders have some duties and are the permanent residents who have the right to work and give petition of their close family members for a Green Card.
On the other hand U.S. Citizen live and work together to get federal assistance, they are also called as U.S. citizen by their birth in a process called naturalization process.
A U.S. citizen can get a U.S. passport and many countries allow them for visa-free to travel different countries as U.S. citizens, they leave and reenter the U.S. at any time.
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explain your reasoning and why the evidence supports your claim. connect the data back to what you learned about the impact of mountain pine beetles on lodgepole pine trees.
Several mountain pine beetle epidemics have happened in lodgepole pine forests for thousands of years. This is the impact of social mountain pine beetles on lodge pine trees.
What is the effect of pine beetle epidemics?At periodic intervals, epidemics lasting 5 to 20 years strike broad areas and frequently destroy more than 80% of the trees larger than 10 cm (about 4 inches) in diameter.
There is a significant range in the mortality of pure lodgepole pine woods. Lodgepole pine seedlings and saplings have been liberated from intense stand competition in some woods that appear to have been utterly decimated.
There is no one, obvious reason why a population might grow to epidemic proportions. In the case of lodgepole pine, details are available on the ecology of the mountain pine beetle population. However, there is no data available about the changeover to the epidemic population.
Therefore, several mountain pine beetle epidemics have happened in lodgepole pine forests for thousands of years.
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consequences of cardiac myocyte-specific ablation of katp channels in transgenic mice expressing dominant negative kir6 subunits
These mice gained weight and developed after birth similarly to non-transgenic mice, however an increased mortality was seen after 4-5 mo. As shown by patch clamp methods, cardiac KATP channel activity was absent in transgenic animals. The action potential duration was prolonged in these mice, which is consistent with a reduced current density seen at positive voltages.
What is cardiac myocyte ?The primary functioning unit of the organ is the cardiac myocyte. A lipid membrane that is supported by a collagenous cytoskeleton physically separates the cell from the outside world. Although the membrane is impervious to ions and the majority of substances, proteins placed into it allow ions and other substances to pass through.
The cells that produce contractile force in an undamaged heart are known as cardiomyocytes. The cardiac conduction system, which is in charge of controlling the heart's rhythmic beating, is made up of specialised cardiomyocytes.Learn more about Cardiac myocyte here:
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long noncoding rna snhg5 induces the nf-κb pathway by regulating mir-181c-5p/cbx4 axis to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer
long noncoding RNA SNHG5 induces the NF-KB pathway by regulating mir-181c-5p/cbx4 axis to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer because Low miR-181c-5p and high SNHG5 and CBX4 levels were found in NSCLC cells or tissues.
The Restoration of miR-181c-5p and RNA SNHG5 restrained the progression of NSCLC cells or tissues and inactivated the NF-KB pathway.
Therefore, RNA SNHG5 regulated the interaction between miR-181c-5p and CBX4, gradually there is termination of SNHG5 which hold back the non-small cell lung cancer or tumor growth.
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Can produce similarities in body form when similar environments and natural selection have favored similar adaptations.
The correct answer is Convergent evolution.
When similar environments and natural selection have favored similar adaptations, convergent evolution can result in similarities in physical form.Similarities at the molecular level are proof that life has a common ancestor. Comparing DNA sequences can reveal the relationships between various species.Biogeography, the study of how organisms are distributed geographically, sheds light on when and how possible species may have evolved.The similarities between shark and dolphin bodies, vertebrate and cephalopod eyes, and bat and insect wings are all examples of convergent evolution. Convergent evolution produces similar structures, but not analogous ones.Divergent evolution involves species with a common ancestor that change to become progressively dissimilar through time as opposed to convergent evolution, which involves unrelated species that gradually acquire similar traits.Researchers can now compare their DNA. The greatest proof of evolution from a common ancestor is similar DNA sequences.Learn more about convergent evolution here:
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The type of point mutation that results in a premature stop codon is called a _________ mutation.
The type of point mutation that results in a premature stop codon is called a nonsense mutation.
A nonsense mutation takes place in DNA while a chain trade offers rise to a stop codon instead of a codon specifying an amino acid. The presence of the brand new stop codon effects inside the manufacturing of a shortened protein this is in all likelihood non-functional.
A mutation is an alteration within the nucleic acid series of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. A mutation is a change inside the DNA collection of an organism. Mutations can end result from mistakes in DNA replication at some point in the cellular department, publicity to mutagens, or viral contamination.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
a. nonsense
b. missense
c. inversion
d. deletion
e. silent
You are searching for a mutant cell that is defective in protein glycosylation. You would most likely find such a mutant by looking for cells with defective ___________.
You are searching for a mutant cell that is defective in protein glycosylation. You would most likely find such a mutant by looking for cells with defective Golgi apparatus.
The Golgi apparatus can be described as an organelle present in the eukaryotic cells which function in the processing of proteins. The Golgi apparatus is involved in various post-translational functions such as packaging, transporting as well as modification of proteins. Without these post-translational modifications, a protein will not be able to move out of a cell.
Protein glycosylation is a type of post-translational modification that occurs in the Golgi apparatus. Hence, if there is a mutation that causes an error in protein glycosylation, then we know that the Golgi apparatus are the organelles that have been affected as a result of this mutation.
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which is an example of potential energy? multiple choice an apple of stored energy-rich macromolecules a firefly using light flashes to attract a mate a skier at the bottom of the hill instead of the top of the hill a pile of leaves that have been burned a candle giving off light
The correct option is (A) An apple of stored energy-rich macromolecules.
An apple of stored energy-rich macromolecules is an example of potential energy.
What is Potential energy?Potential energy is the energy held by a structure and placement of matter in space. Raising a kettlebell, for example, alters its spatial location and boosts its potential energy. Similar to a stretched rubber band, which has potential energy that can be changed into kinetic energy under specific circumstances. The potential energy is present in an apple hanging from a tree because of its elevated location. The fruit is falling because it has kinetic energy. As a result, when the apple starts falling, the potential energy that was previously held in it at its raised position is converted into kinetic energy.
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Why are floods most common in the spring and summer in Mississippi?
Answer:
The Mississippi basin is prone to flooding on an annual basis because of the combination of spring rains and snowmelt, but due to higher than usual amounts of both, the flooding was exaggerated.
Explanation:
look at googl3
determine if the following heart structure carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood and drag them to the corresponding boxes
Oxygenated blood flows through the following blood vessels:
aortapulmonary veinleft ventricleDeoxygenated blood flows through the following blood vessels:
pulmonary trunkpulmonary arteryright atriumWhich blood vessels carry oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?Oxygenated blood is blood which has a high concentration which is coming from the lungs.
Oxygenated blood flows through the following blood vessels:
aortapulmonary veinleft ventricleDeoxygenated blood is blood which comes from the body going towards the lungs.
Deoxygenated blood flows through the following blood vessels:
pulmonary trunkpulmonary arteryright atriumIn conclusion, the blood vessels are responsible for transporting blood trough the body.
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