What makes hydrogen and helium so unique and removed from the other groups on the periodic table is that unlike all other elements, hydrogen and helium only have a maximum of 2 valence electrons (option C).
What properties of hydrogen and helium makes them unique?Hydrogen and Helium are two elements in the periodic table. They are the lightest elements in the periodic table.
Also, they both exist as gases at room temperature and are the two most common elements in the universe.
However, hydrogen and helium are removed from other groups of the periodic table. Thisis because hydrogen and helium atoms only have two electrons and the outermost energy level is the first energy level, hence, there can only be two valence electrons.
Therefore, what makes hydrogen and helium so unique and removed from the other groups on the periodic table is that unlike all other elements, hydrogen and helium only have a maximum of 2 valence electrons.
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Hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), is the main mineral component of dental enamel, dentin, and bone, and thus it has many medical uses. Coating it on metallic implants (such as titanium alloys and stainless steels) helps the body accept the implant. In the form of powder and beads, it is used to fill bone voids, which encourages natural bone to grow into the void. Hydroxyapatite is prepared by adding aqueous phosphoric acid to a dilute slurry of calcium hydroxide.
(a) Write a balanced equation for this preparation. Be sure to include the state of each reactant and product in the equation. Hint: Liquid water is one of the products of this reaction.
(b) What mass of hydroxyapatite could form from 128 g of 95.0% phosphoric acid and 113 g of calcium hydroxide?
g Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
The equation of the reaction is 5Ca(OH)₂ + 3H₃PO₄ ---> Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH) + 9H₂O. The mass of hydroxyapatite that could form is 159.7 g
What is the equation of the reaction?We know that it is not possible to obtain the solutions to a problem of this sort unless we are able to obtain the balanced reaction equation. This is the only way that we are able to apply the stoichiometry solve the problem.
We have the balanced reaction equation as;
5Ca(OH)₂ + 3H₃PO₄ ---> Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH) + 9H₂O.
Number of moles acid = 128 g /98.00 g/mol = 1.31 moles
Number of moles of calcium hydroxide = 113 g/ 74 g/mol = 1.59 moles
If 5 moles of calcium hydroxide reacts with 3 moles of acid
1.59 moles of calcium hydroxide reacts with 1.59 moles * 3 moles / 5 moles
= 0.954 moles
Hence calcium hydroxide is the limiting reactant.
Now;
5 moles of calcium hydroxide yields 1 mole of hydroxyapatite
1.59 moles of calcium hydroxide yields 1.59 moles * 1 mole /5 moles
= 0.318 moles of hydroxyapatite
Mass of hydroxyapatite = 0.318 moles * 502.3 g/mol
= 159.7 g
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The density of a solution of sulfuric acid is 1.8022g/cc and it is 88.00 percent by mass. What is the volume of the solution ( in millimetre) do you need to supply 43.0g of sulfuric acid.
Considering the definition of percentage by mass, you need a volume of solution of 20.9965 mL to supply 43 g of sulfuric acid.
Definition of percentage by massThe Percentage Composition is a measure of the amount of mass that an element occupies in a compound and indicates the percentage by mass of each element that is part of a compound.
The percentage by mass is calculated as the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the solution, the result of which is multiplied by 100 to give a percentage. This is:
percentage by mass= (mass of solute÷ mass of solution)× 100
Definition of densityDensity is a quantity that allows to measure the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance.
The expression for the calculation of density is the quotient between the mass of a body and the volume it occupies:
density= mass÷ volume
Volume of the solution neededIn this case, you know:
density of the solution of sulfuric acid= 1.8022 g/ccpercentage composition= 88 percent by massmass of the solution= 43 gFirst, you calculate the mass of sulfuric acid considering the definition of percentage by mass:
88= (mass of solute÷ 43 g)× 100
Solving:
88÷ 100= mass of solute÷ 43 g
0.88=mass of solute÷ 43 g
0.88×43 g= mass of solute
37.84 g= mass of solute
Now, the volume is calculated taking into account the definition of density:
1.8022 g/cc= 37.84 g÷ volume
Solving
1.8022 g/cc× volume= 37.84 g
volume= 37.84 g÷ 1.8022 g/cc
volume= 20.9965 cc= 20.9965 mL (being 1 cc= 1 mL)
Finally, you need a volume of solution of 20.9965 mL to supply 43 g of sulfuric acid.
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Please need help ASAP
The effect of table salt and sugar on bubbles is that sugar makes it easier to blow and stronger whereas salt makes it difficult to blow bubbles.
(i) The combination in cup 2 made blowing bubbles simpler since the bubbles lasted longer; nevertheless, when the bubbles struck something, they popped just as easily as the ones in cup 1.
(ii) However, compared to cup 1, the combination in cup 3 made blowing bubbles more challenging.
(iii) Compared to salt, which did not mix well together with liquid dish detergent and made it more difficult to blow huge, forceful bubbles, sugar was an excellent ingredient to mix with liquid dish detergent.
(iv) If we were to carry out this experiment further, we may experiment with other materials in the cups to discover which ones the liquid dish detergent reacted best with. Using cups 4 and 5 for flour and brown sugar and cup 6 for pepper, respectively. Then, we would contrast these combinations with the cups that we had already examined.
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Which element, Oxygen (O) or Fluorine (F), has a smaller atomic radius?
O, because the attraction between protons and valence electrons is weaker.
F, because the attraction between protons and valence electrons is stronger.
F, because the attraction between protons and valence electrons is weaker.
O, because the attraction between protons and valence electrons is stronger.
Fluorine has a smaller ionic radius than oxygen, because the attraction between protons and valence electrons is stronger; option B
What is ionic radius?Ionic radius is the radius of an ion of an element.
The ionic radius of ions of elements depends on the nuclear charge as well as the number of electrons in the outermost shell of of an ion of an element.
The nuclear charge is the charge on the nucleus as a result of the positively-charged proton present in the nucleus. The proton exerts an attractive force on the electrons, thus reducing the size of the ion if nuclear charge increases.
The ionic radius of metallic ions decrease from left to right across the period table as a result of the increase in the nuclear charge of the ions.
However, the ionic radius of metals increase on going down a group in the periodic table.
Similarly, the ionic radius of non-metallic ions decrease from left to right across the period table as a result of the increase in the nuclear charge of the ions.
The ionic radius of non-metals also increase on going down a group i the periodic table.
Therefore, the ionic radius of oxygen will be greater than that of fluorine because of a smaller nuclear charge.
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HOCN(aq)⇄H+(aq)+OCN−(aq)Ka=3×10−4
The ionization of cyanic acid, HOCN, is represented above. A certain solution of HOCN has a pH of 2.0. What is the approximate concentration of unionized HOCN(aq) in the solution?
3×10^−4M
1×10^−2M
3×10^−1M
2×10^0M
The concertation of the undissociated acid is 3×10^−1M.
What is the concentration of the unionized acid?Now let us know that the acid dissociation constant shows the extent to which the acid would be dissociated in a given time. To obtain the concentration of the unionized acid, we need to first obtain the the concentration of the hydrogen ion.
Using;
pH = 2
[H^+] = Antilog (-2) = 0.01 M
Ka = [H^+] [OCN−]/HOCN
Given that [H^+] = [OCN−] = 0.01 M
Ka = [H^+]^2/HOCN
HOCN = [H^+]^2/3×10^−4
HOCN = (0.01)^2/3×10^−4
HOCN = 3×10^−1M
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In Chemistry we look at the composition and the_
change Y
of matter
Explanation:
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition and properties that are constant throughout the sample. Mixtures are physical combinations of two or more elements and/or compounds
PLEASE HELP ME THERES 100 POINTS ON THE LINE
Answer:
1.93 2.86
Explanation:
exactly the reason for the above text
The density of the object
is 3.0 g/mL.
What is its density in g/cm3?
density = [?] g/cm³
Round your answer to the tenths place.
Density (g/cm³)
Enter
The density of the object in g/cm³ is 3.0 .
Since the one mililiter is equal to one centimeter cube .
The density of the object is determined using the following formula and can be stated numerically as the mass per unit volume .
So, density = mass / volume = g / ml = g / cm³
While any unit of mass and volume can be used to compute density , like grams ( g ) and millilitres ( ml ) are the most often used units . As a result , density is expressed in grams per millilitre ( g/ml ) . The density is expressed in grams per centimeter cube also .
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Answer:
3.0
Explanation:
1) Complete the sentence: If a group 1 metal loses an electron, it has the electron configuration (2 correct answers)
A of the noble gas in the same period
B that has a full octet in the highest energy level
C that matches the group 17 nonmetal in the period before it
D of the noble gas in the period before it
2 Ionization energies for nonmetals are ____________ than metals because they would rather __________ electrons than lose electrons, so it takes ___________
A energy to remove an electron.
B higher, gain, more
C higher, gain, less
D lower, gain, less
HELP ME RIGHT NOW, PLEASE THANKS YOU
The accurate responses are;
1) it has the configuration of of the noble gas in the same period
2) higher, gain, more
What is the electron configuration?The electron configuration shows the arrangement of the atoms in an element. We know that in an element, the nucleus is at the core of the atom. The shells have energies increasing order with the shells that are close to the nucleus having the lowest energy and the energy of the shells tends to increase radially outwards from the nucleus.
Now let us try to look at sodium. We know that the formation of ions leads an element to attain the noble gas configuration. We can see that when sodium loses an electron, it closely resembles the noble gas neon.
The ionization energy is the energy that is required for the removal of one electron from the outermost shell of the atom. The complete statement therefore is; Ionization energies for nonmetals are higher than metals because they would rather gain electrons than lose electrons, so it takes more energy.
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When 53 J of heat is added to 15 g of a liquid, its temperature rises from 10.7 °C to
13.0°C.
What is the heat capacity of the liquid?
The heat capacity of liquid is 1.53 J/ g°C
Heat capacity measures the energy required to raise temperature of a unit mass of a substance by a unit degree
Formula used:
Q = m × c × ΔT
= m × c × ( T₂ - T₁ )
where,
Q = Amount of heat gained or lost = 53 J
m = mass of liquid = 15 g
c = specific heat of liquid = ?
ΔT = change in temperature
T₁ = initial temperature = 10.7 °C
T₂ = final temperature = 13 °C
Substituting the values in the formula
53 J = 15 g × c × ( 13 - 10.7) °C
53 J = 15 g × c × 2.3 °C
c = 53/ ( 15 × 2.3 )
= 1.53 J/ g°C
Thus we can conclude that the heat capacity of liquid is 1.53 J/ g°C
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What is the circumference of a circle
with a radius of 28 m?
175.93m hope this helps
Check all the formulas below that represent binary compounds.
NH4CL
CaS
P₂05
CaSO4
N₂O
Cl₂
Binary compound is a substance that is made up of precisely two separate components and cannot be further simplified chemically. Binary compounds include, for instance, H₂O, H₂S, and NH₃.
1. NH₄Cl - It is not a binary compound because it contains more than two elements that is Nitrogen, hydrogen and chlorine.
2. CaS - It is a binary compound because it contains two elements Calcium and sulfur.
3. P₂O₅ - It is a binary compound because it contains two elements Phosphorus and Oxygen.
3. CaSO₄ - It is not a binary compound because it contains more than two elements that is calcium, sulfur and oxygen.
4. N₂O - It is a binary compound because it contains two elements that is Nitrogen and Oxygen.
5. Cl₂- It is not a binary compound because it does not contain two different elements rather it is a diatomic molecule.
Diatomic molecules- Two atoms are chemically linked together to form diatomic molecules. A homonuclear diatomic molecule is created when two identical atoms combine, such as in the oxygen molecule (O₂). A heteronuclear diatomic molecule is created when two unidentical atoms combine, such as in the CO₂ .
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Which is true regarding percentage error?
The percentage error is calculated by multiplying the approximation value and the exact value.
The percentage error is a percentage that details how far an approximation is from the exact value after an experiment.
The percentage error is a set of inferences made by human senses and scientific equipment.
The percentage error is a percentage that states how many mistakes were made during an experiment.
The statement that is true regarding percentage error is as follows: the percentage error is a percentage that details how far an approximation is from the exact value after an experiment (option B).
What is percentage error?Percentage error is the difference between estimated value and the actual value in comparison to the actual value and is expressed as a percentage.
The percentage error in an experiment can be calculated by subtracting the actual value from the estimated value divided by the actual value, then multiplying the result by 100.
Percentage error = (Estimated value - Actual value/ Actual value) × 10
Therefore, the statement that is true regarding percentage error is as follows: the percentage error is a percentage that details how far an approximation is from the exact value after an experiment.
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Three samples of granite were
massed. What is the total mass,
reported to the appropriate
number of significant figures?
67.4 g + 43.2 g + 27.3 g = [?] g please help i’m lost?!
The total mass , reported to the appropriate number of significant figures of three samples of granite when it were massed is 137.9 g .
Here we know that ,
Mass of the first granite sample = 67.4 g
Mass of the second sample = 43.2 g
Mass of the third sample = 27.3 g
We want to get the total mass for the three granite samples , then what we need to do is just add the three values that we know , this will give:
Total mass = 67.4 g + 43.2 g + 27.3 g = 137.9 g .
We conclude that the total mass of the three samples is 137.9 g .
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what is annulus class 9 modern book
A series of concentric circles make form the geometric shape known as the annulus. Each circle has the same radius, and there is an equal distance between them. Both the size of a circular region and the circumference of the circle can be determined using the annulus.
An animal or plant's annulus is a ring-shaped structure. The portion of the stem that holds the leaves in place on plants is known as the annulus. The stem's annulus, which similarly shrinks to let the plant move, is another example of this. The portion of the skeleton that encircles the spinal cord in animals is known as the annulus. The annulus helps to maintain the body upright while safeguarding the spinal cord.
A new ring is built on a molecule via the chemical reaction known as annulation in organic chemistry. Helicenes and acenes are two examples of side-on condensed cyclic segments that are used to build annular molecules.
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Identify the approximate bond angles for the following molecules.
Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
sulfur difluoride (SF₂) hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) carbon tetrafluoride (CF4)
chloroform (CHCl)
Bond angle 109.5
Bond angle <109.5
Bond angle >109.5⁰
The bond angle of sulfur difluoride (SF₂) is < 109.5 °
hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) Bond angle < 109.5 °
carbon tetrafluoride ([tex]CF_{4}[/tex]) is 109.5 °
and chloroform ([tex]CHCl_{3}[/tex]) is 109.5 ° .
The bond angle of sulfur difluoride and hydrogen sulfide is less than 109.5 ° due to repulsion in the two lone pair of the electron present in these molecule .
Electron repulsion between the linked pairs and bond angles rise as the central atom's remaining electron density increases . The higher bond angle of ammonia (106.6°) than [tex]NF_{3}[/tex] (102.2°) can also be attributed to the electronegativity theory .
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What laboratory equipment do you need to prepare 250 mL of a 0.010 M solution of NaCl from a stock solution?
The equipment we used to prepare 250 ml of a 0.010 M solution of NaCl from a stock solution is Volumetric flask (piece of lab).
It is calibrated to comprise a precise volume (v) at a given temperature.
It is used for accurate results in dilutions and to prepare a solutions that is needed according to the experiment.
Volumetric flask short form is vol flask.
A stock solution is defined as the standard solution made using nearly accurate experiment.
Example of stock solution - Two M sol of tris-HCL, 5M sol of NaCl.
Stock Solution formula = C1*V1 = C2*V2
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A polystyrene cup is used to minimise thermal energy loss.
a. Explain why it is important to take steps to minimise thermal energy loss.
b. How else could thermal energy loss be minimised in this experiment?
PLEASE HELP
A polystyrene cup is used to minimise the thermal energy loss because polystyrene cup is acts as a very good insulator.
It is important to use polystyrene cup to minimise thermal energy loss because it prevent the heat energy loss as it has air bubbled trapped inside them. if we hold a hot coffee in a polystyrene cup , the hot coffee does not burn your finger because it is a bad conductor of heat. it is a natural insulator. we can also use this styroform or polystyrene idea to make home warm in cold region , it reduce the transfer of heat ,so that building stays warmer.
We can use plastic foam to reduce heat energy loss . Both polystyrene and plastic foams are the good insulators and bad conductor of heat.
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Calculate the mass of aluminium that can be formed from
1020 g of aluminium oxide. 2Al203–>4Al+3o2
Answer:
see the step by step answer is up
Which type of energy is the total energy of kinetic energy and potential energy
in a system of objects?
A. sound energy
B. radiant energy
C. mechanical energy
3. Considering
both objects
that are about to collide in
each interaction, which system
would you predict to have the
least amount of total kinetic
energy in the system right
before the objects collide? In
each instance below, player
#84 is running at a speed of 7
miles per hour. Explain in
words and pictures using the
image on why the system you
chose would have the least
amount of total kinetic energy
before the collision by
comparing it with the two
other systems.
In a collision between two objects both objects experience forces of equal magnitude and in opposite directions. Such forces often cause one object to accelerate and gain momentum, and another to decelerate and lose momentum.
The kinetic energy of the whole system before the collision equals the kinetic energy of the whole system after the collision. If all the kinetic energy is not conserved, the collision is called an inelastic collision. For collisions between two objects, momentum is conserved. The initial momentum is non-zero, so the final momentum is non-zero. Both objects cannot be at rest. It is possible that one of the objects remained after the collision.
When two cars collide your car pushes the other car. According to Newton's 3rd law, this car is pushing your car in the opposite direction with the same force. This power slows you down. In a collision, objects always encounter momentum and momentum changes. In a collision, the momentum received by an object equals the change in velocity. The velocity change of the two objects involved in the collision is always the same.
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A 8.07 g sample of HCN is found to contain 0.299 g of H and 4.18 g of N. Find the mass of carbon in a sample of HCN with a mass of 3.28 g .
The mass of carbon in a sample of the compound is 1.46 g
What is the percent mass of Carbon in the sample of he compound?The percent mass of Carbon in the sample of he compound is calculated as follows:
Percent mass = mass of carbo/mass of sample * 10%Mass of sample of compound = 8.07 g
Mass of H = 0.299 g
Mass of N = 4.18 g
mass of carbon = 8.07 g - 0.299 g - 4.18 g
Mass of carbon = 3.591 g
Percent mass of carbon = 3.591/8.07 * 100%
Percent mass of carbon = 44.5 %
Therefore, mass of carbon in a sample of the compound with a mass of 3.28 g = 3.28 g * 44.5%
mass of carbon in a sample of the compound = 1.46 g
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The image shows the products of a combustion reaction of a hydrocarbon containing only carbon and hydrogen. The large, red spheres represent oxygen atoms, the small, white spheres represent hydrogen atoms, and the grey spheres represent carbon atoms.
In this image, there are 8 molecules composed of a central red atom bound to two different white atoms. There are also 4 molecules composed of a central grey atom bound to two different red atoms.
Determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon based on these products.
empirical formula:
Answer:
CH4
Explanation:
Since it's a hydrocarbon, ignore the reds, only looks at the white and grey,
The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon based on these products, CH₄. The molecular name of CH₄ is methane.
What are hydrocarbons ?An organic substance made completely of hydrogen and carbon is called a hydrocarbon. Examples of group 14 hydrides include hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons are colorless and hydrophobic, and their scents are either insignificant or best characterized by those of gasoline and lighter fluid.
The four different kinds of hydrocarbons are alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
The essential energy-storing molecules in all significant forms of fossil fuels and biofuels are hydrocarbons. They serve as the raw material for making many different kinds of polymers.
Thus, The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon based on these products, CH₄.
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Question 1 of 10
Which of the following is a testable hypothesis?
A. Green toothpaste tastes better than blue toothpaste or red
toothpaste.
B. It's wrong to not brush your teeth before you have an important
conversation with someone.
C. Smart, careful, healthy people always brush their teeth.
D. If I brush my teeth, I will get fewer cavities than if I don't brush my
teeth.
Answer:
D. If I brush my teeth, I will get fewer cavities than if I don't brush my
teeth.
Explanation:
See attached. Thank you :)
The first product is a secondary alcohol as shown and the last product is an alkanone.
What is reaction mechanism?The term reaction mechanism has to do with the series of steps by which a chemical reaction occurs. We know that a chemical reaction may not occur in just a single reactive encounter. We could have cases just as have been showed above where the single chemical reaction has to take place through a route that involves several steps along the reaction pathway. This long pathway of the reaction is what we have called the reaction mechanism of the given or particular reaction.
In this case, the first step in the reaction is the addition of water to the alkene and this would led to the formation of an alkanol as you can see from the image attached to the answer here . This is the product that has been labelled (a).
In the second step of the process. The strong oxidizing agents and the secondary alcohol yields the alkenone and that is the final product as shown.
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Steve races to the nearest taco stand at lunchtime and sees that his pedometer recorded his peak speed at 91.1 cm/s. What was Steve's peak speed in kilometers per hour?
The answer will be 3,279 km/hr.
Pedometer is a device used to measure the number of steps covered by a person.
Pedometer sensor = Step count and IMS sensor used.
Peak Speed rate recorded in the pedometer = 91.1 cm/s
1 Km = 100 * 1000 cm
1 hour = 60 * 60 = 3600 sec
Now, 1 cm = 10^-5 km
1 sec = 0.00027777777 hour
speed = 91.1 cm /s = 91.1 * 10^-5 / 0.00027777777 km/hour
speed = 3.279 km/hr
Steve's peak speed rate in km / hr would be 3.279 km/hr
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What is the mass of an object with a density of 1.35 g/mL & a volume of 24 mL?
gas,
che
on ozunds
Answer:
32 grams
Explanation:
To find the mass of the object, you need to multiply the given volume by the denisty. The denisty ratio compares the mass of an object per every 1 mL. It is important to arrange the denisty ratio in a way that allows for the cancellation of units (mL should be in the denominator). The final answer should have 2 sig figs.
Denisty = 1.35 g/mL
24 mL 1.35 g
---------------- x ----------------- = 32.4 g = 32 g (correct sig figs)
1 mL
How did Katya echazarreta make history in the science community
Answer:She became one of the six space tourists transported by Blue Origin's New Shepard spacecraft, proving that there is room in the universe for all those who strive to reach it. The ten-minute trip marked the fifth successful manned mission for Jeff Bezos' company, but the feat of a lifetime for Echazarreta.
Explanation:
Question 7 of 10
What property is used to calculate the pH of a solution?
Answer:
The hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L
Explanation:
Answer:
The pH of a solution is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L
Explanation:
the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution expressed usually in moles per liter or in pH units and used as a measure of the acidity of the solution
the reaction of -COOH and -NH₂:
a) forms urea
b) creates a peptide bond
c) forms glycogen
d) forms a ketone body
The reaction of -COOH and -NH₂ creates a peptide bond.
What is peptide bond?Peptide bond is defined as a type of amide type covalent chemical bond which is formed between the two simultaneous molecules of amino acid in such a way that carboxyl group of one molecule of amino acid get attached to the NH₂ group of another molecules of Amino acid.
Formation of Peptide bondPeptide bond is formed by the elimination of water molecules.
The hydroxyl group from the carboxyl and proton hydrogen cation from NH₂ group.
Thus, we concluded that the reaction of -COOH and -NH₂ creates a peptide bond by losing—OH from the -COOH and H+ from the -NH₂.
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